• Sat. May 10th, 2025

    Newsblaze.co.ke

    A site providing Education, TSC, Universities, Helb, Sports and Kuccps news

    KICD HISTORY & GOVERNMENT SYLLABUS FREE PDF

    ByHillary Kangwana

    Mar 24, 2025

    KENYA SECONDARY SCHOOL HISTORY AND government

     

    Knec Kcse History Syllabus

     

    HISTORY & GOVERNMENT Examination Syllabus * FORM 1

     

    1. INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT

     

    The meaning of History

    The meaning of Government

    Sources of information on History and Government

    Importance of studying History and Government.

    EARLY MAN

    Ori of man

    Evolution of man

    Cultural and economic practices of Early Man

    1. DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE

     

    Development of early agriculture

    Early agriculture in:

    Egypt

    Mesopotamia

    The Agrarian Revolution in

    1. Britain 2. U.S.A 4. The food situation in Africa and the rest of the Third World

     

    1. Remedies of food shortages

     

    1. THE PEOPLE OF KENYA UP TO THE 19th CENTURY

     

    1. Ori migration and settlement of the people of Kenya 1. Bantu 2. Nilotes 3. Cushites 4. Results of the migration and settlement of the people of Kenya

     

    1. SOCIAL,ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION OF KENYAN SOCIETIES IN THE 19th CENTURY

     

    1. Bantu 1. Agikuyu 2. Ameru 3. Akamba 4. Abagusii 5. Mijikenda

     

    1. Nilotes

     

    Luo

    Nandi

    Maasai

    1. Cushites

     

    Borana

    Somali

    1. CONTACTS BETWEEN EAST AFRICA AND THE OUTSIDE WORLD UP TO THE 19th CENTURY

     

    Early visitors to the East African Coast up to 1500

    Trade between the East African Coast and the outside World

    Development of the trade

    Organization of the trade

    Impact of the trade on the people of East Africa

    1. The coming of the Portuguese

     

    Reasons for their coming to East Africa

    Their conquest and rule

    The decline of Portuguese power

    Establishment and Impact of Omani Rule: 1. Seyyidd Said and the development of plantation Agriculture

    1. Development,Organization and Consequence of

     

    1. The spread of Christianity:

     

    Reasons for the coming of Christian missionaries

    Missionary activities and challenges

    Effects of missionary activities

    1. CITIZENSHIP

     

    Kenya citizenship

    Rights of a citizen

    Responsibilities of a citizen

    Elements of good citizenship

    1. NATIONAL INTEGRATION

     

    1. National Integration 1. Meaning 2. Importance

     

    1. National Unity

     

    Factors promoting national unity

    Factors limiting national unity

    1. Conflict Resolution

     

    Meaning of the term ‘conflict’

    Methods of resolving conflicts

    Process of resolving conflicts

    * FORM 2 1. TRADE

     

    1. Definition of trade

     

    1. Methods of trade

     

    Barter

    Currency

    Types of trade

    1. Local trade 2. Regional trade (Trans-Saharan Trade) 3. International Trade (Trans-Atlantic Trade) 2. DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

     

    1. Definition of transport and communication

     

    1. Traditional forms of Transport

     

    Land

    Water

    1. Development in modern means of transport

     

    Road transport

    Rail transport

    Water transport

    Air transport

    Space exploration

    1. Impact of modern means of transport

     

    1. Traditional forms of communication

     

    Smoke signals

    Drum beats

    Messengers

    Horn blowing

    Written messages on scrolls and stone tablets

    1. Developments in modern means of communication

     

    Telecommunication

    Print media

    1. DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY

     

    1. Early source of energy 1. wood 2. Wind 3. Water

     

    1. Uses of metals in Africa

     

    Bronze

    Gold

    Copper

    Iron

    1. The Industrial Revolution in Europe

     

    Uses of various sources of energy

    Uses of Iron and steel

    Industrial inBritain

    Industrialization in Continental Europe

    Effects of the Industrial Revolution in Europe

    1. The Scientific Revolution

     

    Scientific inventions

    Impact of science inventions on

    1. Emergences of selection World industrial powers

     

    USA

    Germany

    Japan

    1. Industrialization in the Third World

     

    South Africa

    Brazil

    India

    1. URBANIZATION

     

    Meaning of urbanization

    Early Urbanization in: 1. Africa

    1. Europe

     

    1. Emergence of modern urban center in Africa

     

    Nairobi

    Johannesburg

    1. Impact pf agrarian and industrial development on Urbanization

     

    1. SOCIAL ,ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION OF AFRICA SOCIETIES IN THE 19th CENTURY

     

    1. The Social Economic and Political organization of Africa society with reference to

     

    The Baganda

    The Ashanti /Asante

    1. The Shona

     

    1. CONSTITUTION AND CONSTITUTION MARKING

     

    1. Types of constitutions 1. Written 2. Unwritten

     

    1. The independence Constitution

     

    1. The Kenya constitution

     

    Constitution making process

    Constitutional amendments since independence

    Feature of the Kenyan constitution

    1. DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS

     

    1. Democracy 1. Definition of democracy 2. Types of democracy 3. Principel of democracy

     

    1. Human Rights

     

    Defination of Human Rights

    The Bills of Human

    U.N Charter on Human Rights

    The rights of the child

    classification of Human Rights

    * FORM 3

     

    1. EUROPEAN INVASION OF AFRICA AND THE PROCESS OF COLONIZATION

     

    1. The Scramble for and Partition of Africa 1. Definition of the terms ”scramble” and ”partition” 2. Methods used by Europeans to acquire colonies in Africa 3. Factors that led to the scramble for colonies in Africa 4. The process of partition 5. Impact of partition

     

    1. African Reactions to European Colonization

     

    Resistance

    Collaboration

    Mixed Reactions

    1. ESTABLISHMENT OF COLONIAL RULE IN KENYA

     

    Background to the Scramble and Partition of East Africa

    British occupation of Kenya

    The response of the peoples of Kenya to the British

    invasion and occupation

     

    Resistance

    Collaboration

    1. COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION

     

    1. Indirect Rule: 1. The British in Kenya 2. The British in Nigeria

     

    1. Direct Rule: 1. The British in Zimbambwe (Southern Rhodesia) 3. Assimilation: 1. The French in Senegal

     

    1. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE COLONIAL PERIOD IN KENYA

     

    The Uganda Railway

    Settler farming in kenya

    Colonial land policies

    The Devonshire White Paper

    Urbanization

    and

    POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE IN

    KENYA (1919-1963) 1. Early Political Organization in Kenya up to 1939 1. East Africa Association 2. Kikuyu Central Association 3. Kavirondo Tax Payer and Welfare Association 4. Ukamba Members Association 5. Coast African Association 6. Taita Hills Association

     

    1. Emergence of Independent Churches and 3. Political organization and movements after 1945

     

    Kenya Africa Study Union (K.A.S.U.)

    Kenya African Union (K.A.U)

    Mau Mau

    Kenya Africa National Union (K.A.N.U)

    Kenya Africa Democratic Union (K.A.D.U)

    African People Party (A.P.P)

    Trade Union Movement

    Africa Workers Federation

    Kenya Federation of Labour

    1. Role of women in the struggle for independence 6. Constitutional changes leading to independence

     

    African representation in the Legco

    Lyttleton Constitution

    Lennox-Boyd Constitution

    Lancaster House Conferences

    1. RISE OF AFRICAN NATIONALISM 1. Rise and growth of African Nationalism in: 1. Ghana 2. Mozambique 3. South Africa

     

    1. LIVES AND CONTRIBUTION OF KENYAN LEADERS

     

    Jomo Kenyatta

    Daniel arap Moi

    Oga Odinga

    Tom Mboya

    Ronald Ngala

    1. THE FORMATION AND FUNCTION OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA

     

    Electoral Process

    Function of the Electoral Commission of Kenya

    Formation of Government

    Structure and Function of the Government of Kenya

    Legislature

    Executive

    The Judiciary

    The role of Law

    The Concept Natural Justice

    * FORM 4

     

    1. WORLD WARS

     

    1. The First World War(1914-1918) 1. Causes 2. Course 3. Results

     

    1. The League of Nations

     

    Formation

    Organization

    Performance

    1. The second World War (1939-1945)

     

    Causes

    Course

    Results

    1. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

     

    1. The United Nations 1. Formation 2. Organization 3. Performance and challenges

     

    1. The Commonwealth

     

    Formation

    Membership

    Functions

    Challenges

    1. The Non-Aligned Movement

     

    Formation

    Perfomance and challenges

    1. The Cold War (Vietnam, Cuba, Europe, Angola)

     

    Causes

    Course

    Effects

    1. CO-OPERATION IN AFRICA

     

    1. Pan-Africanism 1. Oris 2. Development 3. Perfomance

     

    1. Organisation of African Unity (OAU)

     

    Formation

    Charter

    Perfomance and challenges

    1. African Union

     

    Formation

    Charter

    1. East African community

     

    Formation

    Organization

    Challenges up to 1977

    Rebirth of the East African Community -2001

    1. Economic Community of West African State (ECOWAS)

     

    Formation

    Organization

    Perfomance and challenges

    1. The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)

     

    Formation

    Functions

    Perfomance and challenges

    1. NATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES (KENYA)

     

    Africa Socialism

    Harambee

    Nyayoism

    Impact of National Philosophies

    1. SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES IN KENYA SINCE INDEPENDENCE

     

    1. Political developments 1. Developments from 1963-1991 2. Multi-party democracy in kenya 3. challenges of multi-party democracy 4. The role of political parties in Government and nation building

     

    1. Economic development and challenges

     

    Land policies

    Industry

    1. Social developments and challenges

     

    and sports

    1. SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT AND CHALLENGES IN AFRICA SINCE INDEPENDENCE

     

    1. Social, Economic and Political developments in selected African countries

     

    Democratic Republic of Congo -DRC

    Tanzania

    1. Social, Economic and Political challenges in Africa since independence

     

    1. LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN KENYA

     

    Types of local authorities

    Function of local authorities

    Relationship between local authorities and the central

    government 4. Challenges facing local authorities

     

    1. GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IN KENYA

     

    National budget

    Sources of government revenue

    Control of public finance

    1. THE ELECTORAL PROCESS AND FUNCTION OF GOVERNMENTS IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD

     

    USA

    Britain

    India

    101 Knec English Syllabus 102 Knec Kiswahili Syllabus 121 Knec Syllabus 231 Knec Biology Syllabus 232 Knec Physics Syllabus 233 Knec Chemistry Syllabus 311 Knec History & Govt.Syllabus 312 Knec Geography Syllabus 313 Knec C.R.E. Syllabus 314 Knec I.R.E. Syllabus 441 Knec Syllabus 441 Knec Woodwork Syllabus 442 Knec Art and Design Syllabus 443 Knec Agriculture Syllabus 448 Knec Electricity Syllabus 451 Knec Computer Studies Syllabus 501 Knec French Syllabus 502 Knec German Syllabus 511 Knec Music Syllabus 565 Knec Studies Syllabus

     

    .

    Past Exam Papers for KCPE and KCSE

    We have an enourmous data quiz bank of past papers ranging from 1995 – 2017 .

     

    Quick Revision Booklets

    Candidates who would want their papers remarked should request for the same within a month after release of the results. Those who will miss out on their results are advised to check with their respective school heads and not with the examination council. .

     

    Candidate benefit from our quick revision booklets which are comprehensive and how to tackle examination question methods.

     

    e-Content Digital Multimedia

    As a supplementary to coursework content our e-library for digitized multimedia CDs while enhance and ensure that you never missed that important concept during the normal class lessons. It is a Do it Yourself Project.

     

    Other Goodies for KCSE ONLINE Members!

    Buy 1 Coursework DVD Disc and get a FREE Gold membership plan for two consecutive years. This e-Content Digital CD covers all the topics for a particular class per year. One CDs costs 1200/- ( Per Subject per Class ).

     

    Purchase Online and have the CD sent to your nearest Parcel Service. Pay the amount to Patrick 0721806317 by M-PESA then provide your address for delivery of the Parcel. Ask for clarification if in doubt.

     

    Install ADOBE Flash Player for Best Results

    For Best results INSTALL Adobe Flash Player Version 16 to play the interactive content in your computer. Test the link below to find out if you have Adobe Flash in your computer.

     

    SAMPLE e-Content DVD

     

    Secondary Syllabus

    Agriculture Syllabus

    Arabic Syllabus

    Art Design Syllabus

    Aviation Syllabus

    Biology Syllabus

    Building Construction

    Business Studies

    Chemistry Syllabus

    Computer Studies

    CRE Syllabus

    Drawing Design

    Electricity Syllabus

    English Syllabus

    French Syllabus

    Geography Syllabus

    German Syllabus

    Hindu Syllabus

    History Syllabus

    Homescience Syllabus

    IRE Syllabus

    Kiswahili Syllabus

    Mathematics Syllabus

    Metalwork Syllabus

    Music Syllabus

    Power Mechanics

    Physics Syllabus

    Woodwork Syllabus

     

     

    Social Media

     

     

    © 2015  KCSE ONLINE       All Rights Reserved.

    *      Introduction

    *      General Objectives

    *      Form One History and Government

    *      Form Two History and Government

    *      Form Three History and Government

    *      Form  Four History and Government

    *      Suggested Learning/Teaching resources

    *      Suggested Assessment Methods.

    INTRODUCTION HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT

    History and Government is an important discipline because it plays a key role in the development of society. Knowledge of the past is critical to the understanding of the present and to planning for the future. It is through the study of the subject that the youth of a nation acquire knowledge about the past and the present so as to develop positive attitudes about the future. Thus, learners are able to recognize the relationship between the events of today and the world of tomorrow.

    This syllabus addresses key themes in history such as the social, economic and political organizations of African societies during the colonial period, European colonization, the rise of African nationalism, developments in trade, transport and communication, industry, agriculture and urbanization. It also covers the issues of morality, responsible citizenship, good governance, national integration, conflict resolution and international cooperation.

    A number of themes which address individual honesty, health and integrity have been selected to enable the learners cope with the challenges of the day, e.g. HIV/AIDS, drug abuse and corruption. It is hoped that the knowledge gained will enable the learner to develop into a socially and economically useful member of the society.

    The various approaches to searching for, and investigating historical knowledge have been highlighted in the syllabus. Emphasis has been put towards developing in learners independent group and individual study habits, production, manipulation and use of a variety of learning resources.

    With consistent and resourceful use of study approaches such as visitations, report writing, research and use of resource persons, the syllabus promises vibrant class discourse.

    GENERAL OBJECTIVES- KCSE HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT

    By the end of the course the learner should be able to:

    1. recognize and appreciate the importance of studying History and Government
    2. acquire knowledge, ability and show appreciation for critical historical analysis of socio-economic and political organization of African societies
    3. understand and show appreciation of the rights, privileges and obligations of oneself and others for promotion of a just and peaceful society
    4. promote a sense of nationalism, patriotism and national unity
    5. encourage and sustain moral and mutual social responsibility
    6. identify, assess and appreciate the rich and varied cultures of the Kenyan people and other peoples
    7. promote a sense of awareness and need for a functional democracy of the Kenyan people and other nations
    8. promote an understanding and appreciation of intra—national and international consciousness and relationships
    9. derive through the study of History and Government an interest in further learning.

     

     

    FORM I – KCSE HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT INDEX

    1.0.0 Introduction to History and Government

    2.0.0 Early Man

    3.0.0 Development of Agriculture

    4.0.0 The People of Kenya Up to the 19th Century

    5.0.0 Social, Economic and Political Organization of Kenyan Societies in the 19 Century

    6.0.0 Contacts between East Africa and the Outside World up to the 19th Century

    7.0.0 Citizenship

    8.0.0 National Integration

    1.00 INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT

    1.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the meaning of the term History
    2. b) explain the meaning of the term Government
    3. c) identify the sources of information on History and Government
    4. d) explain the importance of studying History and Government

    1.2.1 The meaning of History

    1.2.2 The meaning of Government

    1.2.3 Sources of information on History and Government

    1.2.4 Importance of studying History and Government

    2.0.0 EARLY MAN

    2.1.0 Specific Objective

    By the end of the topic the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the origin of man
    2. b) identify the stages through which man evolved during the Stone Age Period
    3. e) describe the cultural and economic practices of Early Man

    2.2.1 Origin of man

    2.2.2 Evolution of man

    2.2.3 Cultural and economic practices of Early Man.

    3.00 DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE

    3.10 Specific Objective

    By the end of the topic the learner should be able to:

    1. a) identify the factors that led to the development of early agriculture
    2. b) explain the development of agriculture in Egypt and Mesopotamia
    3. c) describe the Agrarian Revolution in Britain and the USA
    4. d) identify the causes of food in Africa and the rest of the Third World
    5. e) discuss the effects and remedies of food shortages in Africa and the rest of the Third World

    3.2.1 Development of early agriculture

    3.2.2 Early agriculture in:

    1. a) Egypt
    2. b) Mesopotamia

    3.2.3 The Agrarian Revolution in:

    1. a) Britain
    2. b) S.A

    3.2.4 The food situation in Africa and the rest of the Third World

    3.2.5 Remedies of food shortages

    4.00 THE PE0PLE OF KENYA UP TO THE 19TH CENTURY

    4.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) state the origins of the Bantu, Nilotes and Cushites
    2. b) trace and describe the migration and settlement of the Bantu, Nilotes and Cushites
    3. c) discuss the results of the migration and settlement of the people of Kenya

    4.2.1 Origin, migration and settlement of the people of Kenya

    1. a) Bantu
    2. Western Bantu
    3. Eastern Bantu
    4. b) Nilotes
    5. River-Lake Nilotes
    6. Plains Nilotes

    iii. Highland Nilotes

    1. c) Cushites
    2. Eastern Cushites
    3. Southern Cushites

    4.2.2 Results of the migration and settlement of the people of Kenya.

    5.00 SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION OF KENYAN SOCIETIES IN THE 19 CENTURY

    5.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to discuss the Social, Economic and Political organization of the Bantu, the Nilotes and the Cushites.

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to discuss the Social, Economic and Political organization of the Bantu, the Nilotes and the Cushites.

    5.2.1 Bantu

    1. a) Agikuyu
    2. b) Ameru
    3. c) Akamba
    4. d) Abagusii
    5. e) Mijikenda

    5.2.2 Nilotes

    1. a) Luo
    2. b) Nandi
    3. c) Maasai

    5.2.3 Cushites

    1. a) Borana

    b)Somali

    6.00 CONTACTS BETWEEN EAST AFRICA AND THE OUTSIDE WORLD UP TO THE 19TH CENTURY

    6.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) identify the origin of the early visitors to the East African Coast
    2. b) explain the development of trade between the East African Coast and the outside World
    3. c) discuss the effects of the contact between the East African Coast and the outside world
    4. d) identify reasons for the coming of the Portuguese
    5. e) trace the Portuguese conquest of the East African Coast
    6. f) discuss the decline and effects of the Portuguese rule
    7. g) discuss the establishment and impact of Omani rule
    8. h) explain the reasons for the coming of the Christian missionaries
    9. i) describe missionary activities and challenges
    10. j) discuss the effects of missionary activities

    6.2.1 Early visitors to the East African Coast up to 1500.

    6.2.2 Trade between the East African Coast and the outside World.

    1. a) Development of the trade
    2. b) Organization of the trade
    3. c) Impact of the trade on the peoples of East Africa

    6.2.3 The corning of the Portuguese

    1. a) Reasons for their coming to East Africa
    2. b) Their conquest and rule
    3. c) The decline of Portuguese power
    4. d) Impact of Portuguese rule

    6.2.4 Establishment and impact of Omani rule:

    1. a) Seyyid Said and the development of plantation agriculture
    2. b) Development, organisation and consequences of:
    3. i) Long distance trade
    4. ii) International trade

    6.2.5 The spread of Christianity:

    1. a) Reasons for the coming of Christian missionaries
    2. b) Missionary activities and challenges
    3. c) Effects of missionary activities

    7.0.0 CITIZENSHIP

    7.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) state ways of becoming a Kenyan citizen
    2. b) state the rights and responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen
    3. c) discuss the elements of good citizenship

    7.2.1 Kenyan citizenship

    7.2.2 Rights of a citizen

    7.2.3 Responsibilities of a citizen

    7.2.4 Elements of good citizenship

    8.00 NATIONAL INTEGRATION

    8.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the meaning and importance of national integration
    2. b) describe factors promoting and limiting national unity
    3. c) identify methods of resolving conflicts
    4. d) describe the process of resolving conflicts.

    8.2.I National Integration

    Meaning

    Importance

    8.2.2 National Unity

    Factors promoting national unity

    Factors limiting national unity

    8.2.3 Conflict Resolution

    Meaning of the term conflict

    Methods of resolving conflicts

    Process of resolving conflicts.

     

     

    FORM II – HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT INDEX

    9.0.0 Trade

    10.0.0 Development of Transport and Communication

    11.0.0 Development of Industry

    12.0.0 Urbanisation

    13.0.0 Social, Economic and Political Organization of African Societies In the 19th Century

    14.0.0 Constitutions and Constitution Making

    15.0.0 Democracy and Human Rights

    9.00 TRADE

    9.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic the learner should be able to:

    1. a) define the term trade
    2. b) explain methods of trade
    3. c) identify types of trade
    4. d) discuss the origin, development, organization and impact of different types of trade.

    9.2.1 Definition of Trade

    9.2.2 Methods of Trade

    *      Barter

    *      Currency

    9.2.3 Types of Trade

    1. a) Local trade

    *      Origin

    *      Development

    *      Organization

    *      Impact

    1. b) Regional trade (Trans-Saharan Trade)

    *      Origin

    *      Development

    *      Organization

    *      Impact

    1. c) International Trade (Trans-Atlantic Trade)

    *      Origin

    *      Development

    *      Organization

    *      Impact

    10.00 DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

    10.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) define the terms transport and communication
    2. b) explain the traditional and modern means of transport
    3. c) describe the traditional and modern means of communication
    4. d) analyse the impact of modern means of transport and communication

    10.2.1 Definitions of transport arid communication.

    I 0.2.2 Traditional forms of transport

    1. a) Land
    2. b) Water

    I 0.2.3 Developments in modern means of transport.

    1. a) Road transport
    2. b) Rail transport
    3. c) Water transport
    4. d) Air transport
    5. e) Space exploration

    10.2.4 Impact of modern means of transport.

    10.2.5 Traditional forms of communication

    1. a) Smoke signals
    2. b) Drum beats
    3. e) Messengers
    4. d) Horn blowing
    5. c) Written messages on scrolls and stone tablets

    10.2.6 Development in modern means communication

    1. a) Telecommunication

    *      Telephone and cell phone

    *      Television

    *      Radio

    *      Telegraph

    *      Electronic mail (E-mail)

    *      Facsimile transreceiver (fax)

    *      Telex

    *      Pager

    *      Internet

    1. b) Print media

    *      Newspapers

    *      Magazines

    *      Journals

    *      Periodicals

    11.00 DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY

    11.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    *      identify early sources of energy

    *      explain the uses of metals in Africa

    *      trace and describe the development of the Industrial Revolution in Europe

    *      discuss the Scientific Revolution and its effects on agriculture, industry and medicine

    *      describe the emergence of selected world industrial powers

    *      explain the development of industry in the Third World.

    11.2.1 Early sources of energy

    1. a) Wood
    2. b) Wind
    3. c) Water

    11.2.2 Uses of metals in Africa

    1. a) Bronze
    2. b) Gold
    3. c) Copper
    4. d) Iron

    11.2.3 The Industrial Revolution in Europe

    1. a) Uses of various sources of energy

    *      Coal

    *      Oil

    *      Steam

    *      Electricity

    1. b) Uses of iron and steel
    2. c) Industrialization in Britain
    3. d) Industrialization in Continental Europe
    4. e) Effects of the Industrial Revolution in Europe

    11.2.4 The Scientific Revolution

    1. a) Scientific inventions
    2. b) Impact of scientific inventions on:

    *      Agriculture

    *      Industry

    *      Medicine

    11.2.5 Emergence of selected World industrial powers

    1. a) USA
    2. b) Germany
    3. c) Japan

    11.2.6 Industrialization in the Third World.

    1. a) South Africa
    2. b) Brazil
    3. c) India

    12.00 URBANISATION

    12.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    *      define the term urbanization

    *      describe Early Urbanization in Africa and Europe

    *      describe the emergence of modern urban centres in Africa

    *      discuss the impact of agrarian and industrial developments on urbanization.

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    *      define the term urbanization

    *      describe Early Urbanization in Africa and Europe

    *      describe the emergence of modern urban centres in Africa

    *      discuss the impact of agrarian and industrial developments on urbanization.

    12.2.1 Meaning of urbanization

    12.2.2 Early Urbanization in:

    1. a) Africa

    *      Cairo

    *      Merowe/Meroe

    *      Kilwa

    1. b) Europe

    *      London

    *      Athens

    12.2.3 Emergence of modern urban centres in Africa

    1. a) Nairobi
    2. b) Johannesburg

    12.2.4 Impact of agrarian and industrial developments on Urbanization.

    13.0.0 SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN SOCIETIES IN THE 19TH CENTURY

    13.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    *      describe the social and economic organization of African societies in the 19th century

    *      discuss the political organization of African societies in the 19th century.

    13.2.1 The Social, Economic and Political organization of African societies with reference to the Baganda

    13.2.2 The Social, Economic and Political organization of African societies with reference to the Shona

    13.2.3 The Social, Economic and Political organization of African societies with reference to the Ashanti/Asante

    14.0.0 CONSTITUTIONS AND CONSTITUTION MAKING

    14.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    *      identify the difference between written and unwritten constitutions

    *      discuss aspects of the Independence Constitution of Kenya

    *      trace and describe the constitutional changes in Kenya since independence

    *      explain the constitution making process in Kenya.

    14.2.1 Types of constitutions

    1. a) Written
    2. b) Unwritten

    14.2.2 The Independence Constitution

    14.2.3 The Kenya constitution

    1. a) Constitution making process
    2. b) Constitutional amendments since independence
    3. c) Features of the Kenyan constitution

    15.00 DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS

    15.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should he able to:

    1. a) define the terms Democracy and Human Rights
    2. b) identify types of democracy
    3. c) discuss the principles of democracy
    4. d) classify and discuss Human Rights
    5. e) identify the rights of a child

    15.2.1 Democracy

    1. a) Definition of democracy
    2. b) Types of democracy
    3. c) Principles of democracy

    15.2.2 Human Rights

    1. a) Definition of Human Rights
    2. b) The Bill of Rights
    3. c) U.N. Charter on Human Rights
    4. d) The rights of the child
    5. e) Classification of Human Rights.

     

     

    FORM III – HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT INDEX

    16.0.0 European  Invasion of Africa and the Process of Colonization

    17.0.0 Establishment of Colonial Rule in Kenya

    18.0.0 Colonial Administration

    19.0.0 Social  and Economic Developments during the Colonial Period in Kenya

    20.0.0 Political Developments and Smuggle For Independence in Kenya (1919-1963)

    21.0.0 Rise of African Nationalism

    22.0.0 Lives and Contributions of Kenyan Leaders

    23.0.0 The Formation, Structure and Functions of the Government of Kenya

    16.00 EUROPEAN INVASION OF AFRICA AND THE PROCESS OF COLONIZATION

    16.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) define the terms scramble and partition
    2. b) identify the methods used by Europeans to acquire colonies in Africa
    3. c) discuss the factors that led to the scramble for colonies in Africa in the 19th Century
    4. d) describe the process of partition
    5. e) analyse the impact of the partition
    6. f) discuss the African reaction to European colonization.

    16.2.1 The Scramble for and Partition of Africa

    1. a) Definitions of the terms scramble and partition
    2. b) Methods used by Europeans to acquire colonies in Africa
    3. c) Factors that led to the scramble for colonies in Africa
    4. d) The Process of partition
    5. e) Impact of partition

    16.2.2 African Reactions to European Colonization

    1. a) Resistance
    2. Maji Maji
    3. Mandinka – Samori Toure

    iii. Ndebele – Lobengula

    1. b) Collaboration
    2. Baganda
    3. Lozi – Lewanika

    17.00 ESTABLISHMENT OF COLONIAL RULE IN KENYA

    17.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain factors for European invasion of Kenya
    2. b) describe the process of British occupation of Kenya
    3. e) explain African response to British invasion
    4. d) analyse the process of colonial administration in Kenya.

    17.2.1 Background to the Scramble and Partition of East Africa

    17.2.2 British occupation of Kenya

    17.2.3 The response of the peoples of Kenya to the British invasion and occupation

    1. a) Resistance

    *      Nandi

    *      Agiryama

    *      Bukusu

    *      Somali

    1. b) Collaboration

    *      Maasai

    *      The Wanga

    1. c) Mixed Reactions

    *      Akamba

    *      Agikuyu

    *      Luo

    18.00 COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION

    18.1.0 Specific Objective

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to identify and analyse the colonial systems of administration with special reference to:

    1. a) Indirect rule
    2. b) Direct rule
    3. c) Assimilation.

    18.2.1 Indirect Rule:

    1. a) The British in Kenya
    2. b) The British in Nigeria

    18.2.2 Direct Rule:

    The British in Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia)

    18.2.3 Assimilation:

    The French in Senegal

    19.00 SOCIAL. AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE COLONIAL PERIOD IN KENYA

    19.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of  the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the social changes that took place in Kenya during the colonial period
    2. b) identify and explain the main economic developments in Kenya during the colonial

    19.2.1 The Uganda Railway

    19.2.2 Settler farming in Kenya

    19.2.3 Colonial land policies

    19.2.4 The Devonshire White Paper

    19.2.5 Urbanization

    19.2.6 Education and Health

    20.0.0 POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND SMUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE IN KENYA (1919-1963)

    20.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able in:

    1. a) Identify and explain the origins, organization and effects of political movements up to 1939
    2. b) Trace the origins of the independent churches and schools
    3. c) Discuss political organizations and movements up to 1945
    4. d) describe the role of trade unionism in the struggle of independence
    5. e) discuss the role of women in the struggle for independence
    6. f) describe the constitutional changes leading to independence.

    20.2.1 Early Political Organizations in Kenya up to 1939

    1. a) East Africa Association
    2. b) Kikuyu Central Association
    3. c) Kavirondo Tax Payers and Welfare Association
    4. d) Ukamba Members Association
    5. e) Coast African Association
    6. f) Taita Hills Association

    20.2.2 Emergence of Independent Churches and Schools

    20.2.3 Political organizations and movements after 1945

    1. a) Kenya African Study Union (K.A.S.U)
    2. b) Kenya African Union (K.A.U)
    3. e) Mau Mau
    4. d) Kenya African National Union (K.A.N.U)
    5. e) Kenya African Democratic Union (K.A.D.U)
    6. f) African Peoples Party (APP)

    20.2.4 Trade Union Movement

    1. a) African Workers Federation
    2. b) Kenya Federation of Labour

    20.2.5 Role of women in lie struggle for independence

    20.2.6 Constitutional changes leading to independence

    1. a) African representation in the Legco
    2. b) Lyttleton Constitution
    3. c) Lennox – Boyd Constitution
    4. d) Lancaster House Conferences

    21.0.0 RISE OF AFRICAN NATIONALISM

    21.10 Specific Objective

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to discuss the rise and growth of African Nationalism in selected African countries.

    21.2.1 Rise and growth of African Nationalism in:

    1. a) Ghana
    2. b) Mozambique
    3. c) South Africa

    22.0.0 LIVES AND CONTRIBUTIONS OF KENYAN LEADERS

    22.1.0 Specific Objective

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to analyse the lives and contributions of selected Kenyan leaders.

    22.2.1 Kenyan leaders.

    22.2.3 Jomo Kenyatta

    22.2.4 Daniel arap Moi

    22.2.5 Oginga Odinga

    22.2.6 Tom Mboya

    23.0.0 THE FORMATION, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA

    23.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) describe the electoral process in Kenya
    2. b) state the functions of the Electoral Commission of Kenya
    3. c) explain the process of the formation of government
    4. d) describe the structure and functions of the three arms of the Government of Kenya
    5. e) state the functions of the Armed forces, police and prisons departments in Kenya
    6. f) Analyse the challenges facing the police and prisons departments in Kenya
    7. g) Analyse the concepts of the Rule of Law and Natural Justice

    23.2.1 Electoral Process

    23.2.2 Functions of the Electoral Commission of Kenya

    23.2.3 Formation of Government

    23.2.4 Structure and Functions of the Government of Kenya

    1. a) Legislature

    *      Composition

    *      Functions

    *      Process of law making

    *      Parliamentary Supremacy

    1. b) The Executive

    *      Powers and function the President

    *      Composition and functions of the Cabinet

    *      Composition and functions of the Civil Service

    *      Provincial administration

    *      Functions of the:

    *      armed forces

    *      police

    *      prisons department

    1. Challenges facing the police and prisons departments in Keny
    2. c) The Judiciary

    *      Chief Justice

    *      Attorney General

    *      Structure and functions of the Court System in Kenya

    *      Importance of the Independence of the Judiciary

    1. c) The Judiciary
    2. d) The Rule of Law
    3. e) The Concept of Natural Justice

    FORM IV – HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT INDEX

    24.0.0 World Wars

    25.0.0 International Relations

    26.0.0 Co-Operation in Africa

    27.0.0 National Philosophies (Kenya)

    28.0.0 Social, Economic and Political Developments and Challenges in Kenya Since Independence

    29.0.0 Social, Economic and Political Developments and Challenges in Africa Since Independence

    30.0.0 Local Authorities in Kenya

    31.1.1 Government Revenue and expenditure in Kenya

    32.0.0 The Electoral Process and Functions of Governments in Other Parts of The World.

    24.0.0 WORLD WARS

    24.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the causes of the First and the Second World Wars
    2. b) describe the course of the First and the Second World Wars
    3. c) discuss the results of the First and the Second World Wars
    4. d) explain the reasons for the formation of the League of Nations
    5. e) describe the organisation of the League of Nations
    6. f) analyse the performance of the League of Nations.

    24.2.1 The First World War (1914 -1918)

    1. a) Causes
    2. b) Course
    3. c) Results

    24.2.2 The League of Nations

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Organization
    3. c) Performance

    24.2.3 The Second World War (1939- 1945)

    1. a) Causes
    2. b) Course
    3. c) Results

    25.0.0 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

    25.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) analyse the reasons for the formation of major international organizations
    2. b) describe the structure of major international organizations
    3. c) discuss the functions of major international organizations
    4. d) analyse the performance of major international organizations
    5. e) explain the causes of the Cold War
    6. f) describe the course of the Cold War
    7. g) discuss the effects of the Cold War

    25.2.1 International organisations: The United Nations

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Organization
    3. c) Performance and challenges

    25.2.2 International organisations: The Commonwealth

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Membership
    3. c) Functions
    4. d) Challenges

    25.2.3 International organisations: The Non-Aligned Movement

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Performance and challenges

    25.2.4 The Cold War (Vietnam, Cuba, Europe, Angola)

    1. a) Causes
    2. b) Course
    3. c) Effects

    26.0.0 CO-OPERATION IN AFRICA

    26.1.0 Specific Objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the origin and development of selected regional organizations in Africa
    2. b) discuss the performance and challenges of the respective organizations.

    26.2.1 Pan-Africanism

    1. a) Origins
    2. b) Development
    3. c) Performance

    26.2.2 Organization of African Unity (OAU)

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Charter
    3. c) performance and challenges

    26.2.3 African Union

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Charter

    26.2.4 East African community

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Organization
    3. c) Challenges up to 1977
    4. d) Rebirth of the East African Community -2001
    5. Formation
    6. Organization

    iii. Challenges

    26.2.5 Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Organization
    3. c) Performance and challenges

    26.2.6 The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)

    1. a) Formation
    2. b) Functions
    3. c) Performance and challenges

    27.0.0 NATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES (KENYA)

    27.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the origin and development of National Philosophies
    2. b) analyse the impact of National Philosophies.

    27.2.1 African Socialism.

    27.2.2 Harambee

    27.2.3 Nyayoism

    27.2.4 Impact of National Philosophies

    28.0.0 SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES IN KENYA SINCE INDEPENDENCE(I)

    28.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) discuss the political developments in Kenya since independence
    2. b) discuss the social and economic developments in Kenya since independence
    3. c) analyse the political, social and economic challenges in Kenya since Independence.

    28.2.1 Political developments

    1. a) Developments from 1963-1991
    2. b) Multi-party democracy in Kenya
    3. c) Challenges of multi-party democracy
    4. d) The role of political parties in Government and nation building

    28.2.2 Economic developments and challenges

    1. a) Land policies
    2. b) Industry

    28.2.3 Social developments and challenges

    1. a) Education
    2. b) Health
    3. c) Culture and sports

    29.0.0 SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES IN AFRICA SINCE INDEPENDENCE

    29.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) discuss the political, social and economic developments in selected African countries since independence
    2. b) analyse the political, social and economic challenges in Africa since independence.

    29.2.1 Social, Economic and Political developments in selected African countries

    1. a) Democratic Republic of Congo – DRC
    2. b) Tanzania

    29.2.2 Social, Economic and Political challenges in Africa since independence

    30.0.0 LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN KENYA

    30.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) describe types of local authorities in Kenya
    2. b) discuss the functions of local authorities
    3. c) analyse the relationship between local authorities and the Central Government
    4. d) discuss the challenges facing local authorities in Kenya.

    30.2.1 Types of local authorities

    30.2.2 Functions of local authorities

    30.2.3 Relationship between local authorities and the central government

    30.2.4 Challenges facing local authorities

    31.0.0 GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IN KENYA

    31.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) identify and discuss sources of government revenue
    2. b) explain the expenditure of government revenue
    3. c) discuss how the government controls public finance.

    31.2.1 National budget

    31.2.2 Sources of government revenue

    31.2.3 Control of public finance

    32.0.0 THE ELECTORAL PROCESS AND FUNCTIONS OF GOVERNMENTS IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD

    32.1.0 Specific objectives

    By the end of the topic, the learner should be able to:

    1. a) explain the electoral process of governments in selected countries
    2. b) discuss the functions of governments of the respective countries.

    32.2.1 USA

    32.2.2 Britain

    32.2.3 India