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    GEOGRAPHY KNEC SYLLABUS NEW FREE

    Hillary KangwanaBy

    GEOGRAPHY Examination Syllabus

    FORM 1

    1. INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY
    2. Definition 1. Geography 2. environment
    3. branches of geography
    4. physical Geography
    5. Human Geography
    6. importance study of geography
    7. relationship between geography and other disciplines
    8. THE EARTH AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM 1. composition of the solar system
    9. ori, shape,size,and position of the earth in the solar system 3. rotation and revolution of the earth and their effects
    10. structure of the earth
    11. the atmosphere
    12. the hydrosphere
    13. the lithosphere/crust
    14. the asthenosphere /mantle
    15. the core (outer and inner core)

     

    WEATHER

    1. definition of weather
    2. elements of weather
    3. factors for siting weather station
    4. instrument for measuring elements of weather condition
    5. recording and calculating weather conditions
    6. structure and composition of the atmosphere
    7. weather forecasting
    8. factors influencing weather
    9. STATISTICAL METHODS
    10. definition of statistics
    11. types of statistical data
    12. source of statistical data
    13. method of collecting data
    14. methods of recording data
    15. analysis of data by working out
    16. arithmetic mean
    17. median
    18. mode
    19. percentage
    20. range
    21. statistical representation through;
    22. simple lines
    23. simple bars
    24. combination bar and line graph
    25. simple wind rose
    26. advantage and disadvantage of each method of data presentation
    27. MAPS AND MAP WORK
    28. definition of pictures, plans and maps
    29. distinction between pictures, plans and maps
    30. types of maps
    31. atlas maps
    32. topographical maps
    33. sketch maps
    34. uses o maps
    35. maral information
    36. map scales
    37. estimations and measurements
    38. calculation of area of regular and irregular shopes
    39. FIELD WORK
    40. Definition of field work
    41. types of field work
    42. importance of field work
    43. field work procedure
    44. problems likely to be encountered during field study
    45. field work within the local environment
    46. MINERALS AND ROCKS
    47. Definition of minerals 1. rocks 2. characteristics of minerals 3. classification of rock according to mode of formation 4. characteristics of rocks 5. distribution of major types of rocks in Kenya 6. significance of rocks in Kenya
    48. MINING
    49. Definition of mining
    50. factors influencing the occurrence of minerals and their exploitation
    51. methods of mining
    52. distribution of major minerals in kenya
    53. significance of minerals in kenya
    54. problems fancing the mining industry in kenya
    55. effects of mining on the enviroment
    56. study of trona on lake magadi
    57. gold amd diamond in south Africa
    58. petroleum in middle east

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    * FORM 2

    1. INTERNAL LAND FORMING PROCESSES
    2. Earth movement 1. definition 2. types of movements horizontal and vertical 3. Causes
    3. Theories of
    4. Continental Drift
    5. Plate tectonics
    6. Folding
    7. definition
    8. Processes
    9. types of folds and the resultant features
    10. World distribution of folds mountain systems
    11. Significance to human activities
    12. Faulting
    13. Definition
    14. Processes
    15. Types of faults and the resultant features
    16. A study of the great rift valley
    17. World distribution of features due to faulting
    18. Significance of faulting to human activities
    19. Vulcanicity
    20. definition
    21. types and the resultant features
    22. World distribution of features due to vulcanicity
    23. Significance of vulcanicity to human activities
    24. Earthquakes
    25. Definition
    26. causes
    27. measurements
    28. Distribution of major earthquake zones in the world
    29. effects of earthquake
    30. MAP WORK
    31. Direction and bearing 1. distinction between direction and bearing 2. Traditional and modern methods of showing direction 3. Calculation of bearing
    32. Location of places using
    33. Direction, bearing, and distance
    34. Places names
    35. Latitude and longitudes
    36. Grid reference system
    37. Methods of representing relief on topographical maps
    38. PHOTOGRAPH WORK
    39. types of photographs
    40. Parts of a photograph
    41. interpretation of a photograph by
    42. Estimating actual size of photographs
    43. Sketching from photographs
    44. Studying physical features and human activities in

    photographs

    1. STATISTICAL METHODS
    2. Statistical presentation, analysis and interpretation of: 1. comparative group multiple line graphs 2. Comparative group multiple bar graphs 3. Divided bars rectangles
    3. advantage and disadvantage of each method of data presentation
    4. CLIMATE
    5. Distinction between weather and climate
    6. Factors influencing climate
    7. Distribution and characteristics of climatic regions of
    8. Kenya
    9. The world
    10. Causes effects and possible solution to
    11. Aridity
    12. Desertification
    13. Causes and consequences of climate change
    14. VEGETATION
    15. DEFINITION OF VEGETATION
    16. Factors influencing the distribution of vegetation 3. Characteristics of major vegetation region of – Kenya – The world 4. Significance of vegetation 5. Field work
    17. FORESTRY 1. definition 1. Forestry 2. Forest
    18. Factors influencing the distribution and types of natural forest 3. importance of forests and forest products to Kenya 4. Problems facing forestry in Kenya 5. Management and conservation of forests with specific emphasis to Kenya 6. Related study on softwood in Kenya and Canada

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    * FORM 3

    1. STATISTICAL METHODS 1. statistical presentation, analysis and interpretation of
    2. Compound/cumulative bar graphs
    3. proportional circles
    4. Pie charts/dividing circles
    5. advantages and disadvantages
    6. MAP WORK
    7. INTERPRETATION of physical features and human activities on topographical maps
    8. Land forms
    9. vegetation
    10. Drainage
    11. economic activities
    12. Settlements
    13. Enlargement and reduction of maps 3. Drawing of cross sections 4. calculations and interpretation of
    14. vertical exaggeration
    15. gradient
    16. Intervisibility
    17. EXTERNAL LAND FORMING PROCESSES
    18. Weathering 1. definition 2. Agents 3. Types and processes 4. Significance of weathering
    19. Mass wasting
    20. Definition
    21. Factors influencing mass wasting
    22. Types and processes
    23. Effects of mass wasting on the physical and human environments
    24. Hydrological cycle
    25. Definition
    26. Process
    27. Significance
    28. Action of rivers
    29. Definition
    30. the work of rivers and the development of rivers
    31. The resultant features
    32. River capture and rejuvenation
    33. Drainage patterns
    34. The significance of rivers and the resultant

    features

    1. Lakes
    2. Definition of lake
    3. Formation and classification of lakes
    4. Significance of lakes
    5. Oceans Seas and their coasts
    6. distinction between oceans and seas
    7. Nature of ocean water
    8. water movement meaning causes and significance of
    9. Wave action and the resultant features
    10. types of coast
    11. significance of oceans ,coast and coastal features
    12. Action of wind and water in arid areas
    13. Process and the resultant features
    14. Significance of the resultant features
    15. Action of water in limestone areas 1. Process of surface and underground water and the resultant features 9. Glaciation
    16. Definition of
    17. Process of glaciation and the resultant features in

    highlands and low lands areas 3. Significance of glaciation

    10

    Field work

    1. SOILS
    2. Definition of soil
    3. Composition of soil
    4. Soil forming processes
    5. Properties and characteristics of soils
    6. Soil profile and soil catena
    7. Soil degeneration
    8. definition
    9. Types of soil degeneration
    10. Soil erosion
    11. Classification of soils
    12. Significance of soils
    13. Management and conservation of soil
    14. AGRICULTURE
    15. Definition of agriculture
    16. Factors influencing agriculture
    17. Types of agriculture
    18. Crop farming
    19. major cash crops in kenya
    20. study of Tea Sugar cane,and maize
    21. Study of cocoa in Ghana
    22. Oil palm in Nigeria
    23. Related study in coffe in kenya and brazil,wheat in

    kenya and canada ,horticalture in kenya and the netherlands

    1. Livestock Farming
    2. Pastrol farming in kenya
    3. Daily farming in kenya and Denmark
    4. Beef farming in kenya and Argentina
    5. Field work

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    * FORM 4

    1. STATISTICAL METHODS
    2. Statistical representation through age-sex pyramids
    3. Analysis and interpretation of
    4. Age-sex pyramids
    5. Dot maps
    6. Choropleth maps
    7. LAND RECLAMATION 1. A study of 1. mwea-Tebera irrigation scheme 2. Pekera irrigation schemes
    8. Definition of
    9. land reclamation
    10. land rehabilitation
    11. Significance of irrigation farming in kenya
    12. Problems experienced in irrigation farming in kenya
    13. Methods of land reclamation and rehabilitation kenya
    14. Related studies on land reclamation in kenya and the Netherlands
    15. FISHING
    16. Definition of; 1. Fishing 2. Fisheries 2. Factors influencing fishing 3. Distribution of major fishing grounds of the world 4. types and methods of fishing 5. Fresh water and marine fisheries in East Africa 6. Problems facing in Kenya and their solutions 7. Comparative study of fishing in Kenya and Japan 8. Management and conservation of fresh water and marine fisheries
    17. WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
    18. Wildlife 1. Definition of wildlife 2. factors influencing the distribution of wildlife in East Africa 3. Distinction between game reserve ,national park and sanctuaries 4. location of national parks major reserves and sanctuaries in East Africa 5. Significance of wildlife 6. Problems facing wildlife in East Africa 7. Management and conservation of wildlife in East Africa
    19. TOURISM
    20. Definition of ;
    21. Distinction between domestic and international tourism
    22. factors influencing tourism in kenya
    23. Tourism attraction in kenya
    24. Significance of tourism
    25. Problems facing and associated with tourism in Kenya
    26. Related study on tourism in Switzerland
    27. The future of tourism in Kenya
    28. ENERGY
    29. Definition of energy
    30. Sources and types of energy
    31. Electric power projects in Kenya and Uganda
    32. Hydro-electric power projects
    33. Geothermal power projects in Kenya
    34. Location and other hydro-electric power projects in Africa 5. Significance of energy 6. The energy crisis 7. Management and conservation of energy
    35. INDUSTRY
    36. definition 1. Industry 2. Industrialization
    37. factors influencing the location and development of industries 3. Types of industries 4. Distribution of industries in kenya 5. Significance of industrialization in kenya 6. Problems of industrialization and their possible solutions 7. A study on 1. Cottage industry in india 2. Iron and steel industry in the Ruhr region of Germany 3. Car manufacture and electronics industry in Japan
    38. TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
    39. Definition 1. Transport 2. Communication
    40. Mode of transport and types of communication 3. The role of transport and communication in the economic development of Africa 4. Problems facing transport and communication in Africa andefforts being made to solve them
    41. A study of the Great lakes and the St Lawrence seaway
    42. TRADE
    43. Types of trade
    44. factors influencing trade
    45. Major exports and imports of kenya
    46. Significance of trade to kenya
    47. problems facing trade in kenya
    48. The future of international trade in kenya
    49. The role played by the following regional trading blocks

    in the economic of their respective regions

    1. COMESA
    2. SADAC
    3. ECOWAS
    4. EU
    5. POPULATION
    6. Definition of population
    7. Factors influencing population
    8. Factors influencing population growth in ; 1. fertility
    9. Motality 3. Migration
    10. Population structure 5. Consequences of population growth and structure 6. Related studies on population in kenya and Sweden

    10

    SETTLEMENT

    1. Definition 1. settlement 2. Urbanization
    2. Factors influencing
    3. Settlements
    4. patterns of settlement
    5. Distribution of major urban centers in East Africa
    6. Factors influencing the growth of major urban center in East Africa
    7. Study of the following towns in kenya
    8. Thika
    9. Kisumu
    10. Eldoret
    11. Related studies with the following
    12. Cities Nairobi and New York
    13. Port Mombasa and Rotter
    14. Effects of urbanization
    15. MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
    16. definition of; 1. Management 2. conservation
    17. the need for environmental management and conservation
    18. Environmental hazards
    19. Selected environmental hazards the associated problems and measures for combating them
    20. Floods
    21. Lightning
    22. Wind storm
    23. Pest and diseases
    24. Pollution
    25. Environmental management and conservation measures in kenya 6. field work

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